Hatching
Hatching, is applying tone using parallel stokes, this is usually done with broken or wavy lines. You can add form and shape to the hatching by increasing and varying the thickness of the line, by decreasing or increasing the distance between the lines or curving the lines to give the impression of a cylinder, tube or ball.
Cross Hatching
Cross Hatching, is formed by applying one layer of parallel lines over another, if the angles are at 900 the pattern will appear flat and lifeless, a more convincing effect can be achieved by decreasing the angle less than 900. For heavy shading a third set of lines may be applied vertically or horizontally, but care must but taken as to over do the effect.
Patterned Hatching
Patterned Hatching can fill areas or borders with textures, these are usually non-uniform shapes or repetitions of smaller shapes such as grass, leaves, stones etc.
Stippling
Stippling is creating tone with clusters of dots, these can be applied with a technical pen or fountain pen, which will give a uniform tone, a dip pen, or brush will give a less mechanical feel due to the variation in the size of the individual dots.
For an even tone the dots should be placed in a triangular formation, placing the dots at the points of imaginary triangles, by decreasing the distance between the dots the tone will be darkened or lightened by increasing the distance.The action of stippling is achieved by a gentle tapping or pushing motion.
Patterned Hatching
Patterned Hatching can fill areas or borders with textures, these are usually non-uniform shapes or repetitions of smaller shapes such as grass, leaves, stones etc.
Try the three different samples below using a fine marker pen
